![]() They actively participated in constructing Indigenous representations in the museum and on the world stage. Close examinations of his manuscripts and correspondence-when placed alongside the papers of Gladys Tantaquidgeon (Mohegan), Alexander General Deskaheh (Cayuga), and other informants-reveal the influence of Native intellectuals who were neither passive nor naïve. These fictive identities, however, conceal a more intriguing reality: Speck sought to Indigenize anthropology by transforming an inherently cannibalistic enterprise into a collaborative performance. Speck’s success was so uncanny that Loren Eisely called him a “shaman,” and John Witthoft surmised he had been adopted by the Indians. His Native American informants-from Mohegan speaker Fidelia Fielding to Lenape Medicine Man Witapanoxwe-are often imagined to have been naïve elders parting with dying langages and fragile relics. Margaret Bruchac for the History of Sociology and Science Departmentĭuring the salvage anthropology era, Frank Gouldsmith Speck, of the University of Pennsylvania, was one of the most prolific contributors to the ethnographic archive. "Indigenous Anthropologists: Restoring the Histories of Frank Speck's Native American Collaborators"
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